Looking Through A Cow's Eyes

I went on a very useful cattle handling course at SRUC Oatridge Campus yesterday. One of our tasks was to look through a cow's eyes so that we could understand what they see and how they are likely to behave.
When cattle have their heads down to graze, they can see almost 360 degrees. As they raise their heads, the sides of their bodies create a blind spot behind them. This panoramic vision allows them to see in all directions without moving their heads, but they have binocular vision only for an angle of about 25 to 50 degrees in front of them. Binocular vision is like ours: Both eyes focus on an object, allowing the perception of depth, speed and distance. Their monocular vision to the side allows them to see movement, but it is not sharply focused like human vision.
Cows have slit-shaped pupils and weak eye muscles, which means they cannot focus quickly. They have poor depth perception because they have limited vertical vision of about 60 degrees, compared with around 140 degrees for humans. Because of this, they do not like to walk across shadows as they cannot tell if a shadow is a hole or ditch; they will stop moving forward and lower their heads to the ground to check it out.