Jacqui's World

By HappyJacqui

Colossus Tape for Ted.

We went to Bletchley Park and one of the fantastic things we saw was Colossus.

Colossus was the world's first electronic, digital, computer that was at all programmable. Colossus and its successors were used by British codebreakers to help read encrypted German messages during World War II. They used thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) to perform the calculations.
Colossus was designed by engineer Tommy Flowers with input from Sidney Broadhurst, William Chandler, Allen Coombs and Harry Fensom,[1] at the Post Office Research Station, located at Dollis Hill, to solve a problem posed by mathematician Max Newman at Bletchley Park. The prototype, Colossus Mark 1, was shown to be working in December 1943 and was operational at Bletchley Park by 5 February 1944.[2] An improved Colossus Mark 2 first worked on 1 June 1944,[3] just in time for the Normandy Landings. Ten Colossus computers were in use by the end of the war.
The Colossus computers were used to help decipher teleprinter messages which had been encrypted using the Lorenz SZ40/42 machine-British codebreakers referred to encrypted German teleprinter traffic as "Fish" and called the SZ40/42 machine and its traffic "Tunny". Colossus compared two data streams, counting each match based on a programmable Boolean function. The encrypted message was read at high speed from a paper tape. The other stream was generated internally, and was an electronic simulation of the Lorenz machine at various trial settings. If the match count for a setting was above a certain threshold, it would be sent as output to an electric typewriter.

Ted loved being given the tape from Colossus from the man who looked after it.

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