Reproduction in its many forms.

Ferns can reproduce asexually using spores formed in sporangia. In most ferns the sporangia develop underneath the normal photosynthetic leaves. In some, however, the sporangia are produced by highly modified leaves whose only function is reproduction. The Royal Fern Osmunda regalis is such a fern. 


Extra. Meanwhile, down on the estuary, the Eider ducks are beginning to bring their newly hatched ducklings down to the estuary